Make tea issues create honor --output json (#1114)

## Problem

Follow-up to #1111, covering the issues side of the same hole: `tea issues create` accepts `--output` (it parses through the urfave/cli v3 ancestor-flag cascade — `issues` carries the flag via `AllDefaultFlags`, `create` never declares it) but the action never reads it. Without this fix, `tea issues create --output json | jq .url` feeds jq a markdown document.

The default output is doubly hostile to consumers: glamour renders the details as markdown (with OSC 8 hyperlinks around the URL when piped), and a second bare `fmt.Println(issue.HTMLURL)` line follows it.

## What this changes

- `task.CreateIssue` now returns the created `*gitea.Issue` instead of printing it.
- `runIssuesCreate` switches on `--output`, mirroring the detail-command precedent and the merged create-PR behavior from #1111: `--output json` emits compact lean JSON; any other value (or no flag) falls through to the previous rendering, byte-identical to before.
- Lean JSON shape: `index`, `title`, `url`, `state` — matching `createdPullJSON` in `cmd/pulls/create.go`, including its post-review compact encoding.
- The interactive path is untouched — it only triggers when zero flags are set, so `--output` can never be active there.

Example:

```
$ tea issues create --output json --title "bug: thing" | jq -r .url
https://gitea.example.com/owner/repo/issues/42
```

There is no agit-flow equivalent on issues, so no extra guard is needed — unlike the pulls side, every creation path produces an `*gitea.Issue`.

---------

Co-authored-by: Danilo Sousa <code@danilosousa.net>
Reviewed-on: https://gitea.com/gitea/tea/pulls/1114
Reviewed-by: Lunny Xiao <xiaolunwen@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: ongolk <238961+ongolk@noreply.gitea.com>

.gitea/workflows/release-nightly.yml

@@ -8,15 +8,14 @@ jobs:
   goreleaser:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - run: git fetch --force --tags
-      # Custom publishers (the R2 mirror below) run as the very last
+      # Custom publishers (the R2 upload below) run as the very last
       # step of goreleaser's publish pipeline, after the Gitea release
-      # has already been created and every artifact already uploaded
-      # to S3. Fail here instead, before anything is built or
-      # published, if the R2 secrets are missing.
+      # has already been created. Fail here instead, before anything
+      # is built or published, if the R2 secrets are missing.
       - name: check R2 configuration
         run: sh scripts/upload-r2.sh --check-config
         env:
@@ -24,12 +23,13 @@ jobs:
           R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
           R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
           R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@b7ad1dad31e06c5925ef5d2fc7ad053ef454303e # v7
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
+          check-latest: true
       - name: import gpg
         id: import_gpg
-        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v7
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@2dc316deee8e90f13e1a351ab510b4d5bc0c82cd # v7
         with:
           gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPGSIGN_KEY }}
           passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPGSIGN_PASSPHRASE }}
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
         id: sdk_version
         run: echo "version=$(go list -f '{{.Version}}' -m gitea.dev/sdk)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
       - name: goreleaser
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v7
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@f06c13b6b1a9625abc9e6e439d9c05a8f2190e94 # v7
         with:
             distribution: goreleaser-pro
             version: "~> v2"
@@ -45,11 +45,6 @@ jobs:
         env:
           SDK_VERSION: ${{ steps.sdk_version.outputs.version }}
           GORELEASER_KEY: ${{ secrets.GORELEASER_KEY }}
-          AWS_REGION: ${{ secrets.AWS_REGION }}
-          AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.AWS_KEY_ID }}
-          AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
-          S3_REGION: ${{ secrets.AWS_REGION }}
-          S3_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.AWS_BUCKET }}
           R2_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.R2_ENDPOINT }}
           R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
           R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
@@ -65,24 +60,24 @@ jobs:
       DOCKER_LATEST: nightly
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v7
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0 # all history for all branches and tags
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@96fe6ef7f33517b61c61be40b68a1882f3264fb8 # v4
 
       - name: Set up Docker BuildX
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@bb05f3f5519dd87d3ba754cc423b652a5edd6d2c # v4
 
       - name: Login to DockerHub
-        uses: docker/login-action@v4
+        uses: docker/login-action@dbcb813823bdd20940b903addbd779551569679f # v4
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
 
       - name: Build and push
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@53b7df96c91f9c12dcc8a07bcb9ccacbed38856a # v7
         env:
           ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN: '' # See https://gitea.com/gitea/act_runner/issues/119
         with:

.gitea/workflows/release-tag.yml

@@ -9,15 +9,14 @@ jobs:
   goreleaser:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - run: git fetch --force --tags
-      # Custom publishers (the R2 mirror below) run as the very last
+      # Custom publishers (the R2 upload below) run as the very last
       # step of goreleaser's publish pipeline, after the Gitea release
-      # has already been created and every artifact already uploaded
-      # to S3. Fail here instead, before anything is built or
-      # published, if the R2 secrets are missing.
+      # has already been created. Fail here instead, before anything
+      # is built or published, if the R2 secrets are missing.
       - name: check R2 configuration
         run: sh scripts/upload-r2.sh --check-config
         env:
@@ -25,12 +24,13 @@ jobs:
           R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
           R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
           R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@b7ad1dad31e06c5925ef5d2fc7ad053ef454303e # v7
         with:
           go-version-file: 'go.mod'
+          check-latest: true
       - name: import gpg
         id: import_gpg
-        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v7
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@2dc316deee8e90f13e1a351ab510b4d5bc0c82cd # v7
         with:
           gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPGSIGN_KEY }}
           passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPGSIGN_PASSPHRASE }}
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ jobs:
         id: sdk_version
         run: echo "version=$(go list -f '{{.Version}}' -m gitea.dev/sdk)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
       - name: goreleaser
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v7
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@f06c13b6b1a9625abc9e6e439d9c05a8f2190e94 # v7
         with:
             distribution: goreleaser-pro
             version: "~> v2"
@@ -46,11 +46,6 @@ jobs:
         env:
           SDK_VERSION: ${{ steps.sdk_version.outputs.version }}
           GORELEASER_KEY: ${{ secrets.GORELEASER_KEY }}
-          AWS_REGION: ${{ secrets.AWS_REGION }}
-          AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.AWS_KEY_ID }}
-          AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
-          S3_REGION: ${{ secrets.AWS_REGION }}
-          S3_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.AWS_BUCKET }}
           R2_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.R2_ENDPOINT }}
           R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
           R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
@@ -66,18 +61,18 @@ jobs:
       DOCKER_LATEST: nightly
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v7
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0 # all history for all branches and tags
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@96fe6ef7f33517b61c61be40b68a1882f3264fb8 # v4
 
       - name: Set up Docker BuildX
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@bb05f3f5519dd87d3ba754cc423b652a5edd6d2c # v4
 
       - name: Login to DockerHub
-        uses: docker/login-action@v4
+        uses: docker/login-action@dbcb813823bdd20940b903addbd779551569679f # v4
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
@@ -87,7 +82,7 @@ jobs:
         run: echo "VERSION=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/v}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Build and push
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@53b7df96c91f9c12dcc8a07bcb9ccacbed38856a # v7
         env:
           ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN: '' # See https://gitea.com/gitea/act_runner/issues/119
         with:

.gitea/workflows/test-pr.yml

@@ -16,10 +16,11 @@ jobs:
     name: Lint Build And Unit Coverage
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@b7ad1dad31e06c5925ef5d2fc7ad053ef454303e # v7
         with:
           go-version-file: 'go.mod'
+          check-latest: true
       - name: lint and build
         run: |
           make clean
@@ -41,10 +42,11 @@ jobs:
       GITEA_TEA_TEST_USERNAME: "test01"
       GITEA_TEA_TEST_PASSWORD: "test01"
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@b7ad1dad31e06c5925ef5d2fc7ad053ef454303e # v7
         with:
           go-version-file: 'go.mod'
+          check-latest: true
       - name: wait for the gitea instance to be ready
         run: |
           for i in $(seq 1 30); do

.goreleaser.yaml

@@ -76,24 +76,13 @@ builds:
       - cmd: sh .goreleaser.checksum.sh {{ .Path }}
       - cmd: sh .goreleaser.checksum.sh {{ .Path }}.xz
 
-blobs:
-  -
-    provider: s3
-    bucket: "{{ .Env.S3_BUCKET }}"
-    region: "{{ .Env.S3_REGION }}"
-    directory: "tea/{{.Version}}"
-    extra_files:
-      - glob: ./**.xz
-      - glob: ./**.sha256
-
-# Mirrors the S3 `blobs:` upload above into Cloudflare R2 during the
-# parallel S3+R2 period (S3 will be removed once migration completes).
-# A second `blobs:` entry is impossible here since the blob pipe
-# authenticates from the global AWS_* env with no per-entry
-# credentials; `publishers:` supports per-entry `env:` instead, so
-# it's used to invoke scripts/upload-r2.sh once per artifact. Custom
-# publishers inherit almost nothing from the environment, hence the
-# explicit R2_* forwarding below.
+# Uploads the release artifacts to Cloudflare R2. A `blobs:` entry is
+# not used here since the blob pipe authenticates from the global
+# AWS_* env with no per-entry credentials; `publishers:` supports
+# per-entry `env:` instead, so it's used to invoke
+# scripts/upload-r2.sh once per artifact. Custom publishers inherit
+# almost nothing from the environment, hence the explicit R2_*
+# forwarding below.
 #
 # This publisher fires more than once per distinct key because
 # goreleaser's release pipe already registers `release.extra_files`

Makefile

@@ -118,7 +118,12 @@ unit-test-coverage:
 
 .PHONY: tidy
 tidy:
+	$(eval GO_TOOLCHAIN := $(shell grep -Eo '^toolchain\s+go[0-9.]+' go.mod | cut -d' ' -f2))
 	$(GO) mod tidy
+	@# workaround https://github.com/golang/go/issues/75331: restore toolchain if tidy dropped it
+	@if [ -n "$(GO_TOOLCHAIN)" ] && ! grep -qE '^toolchain\s' go.mod; then \
+		$(GO) mod edit -toolchain=$(GO_TOOLCHAIN); \
+	fi
 
 .PHONY: check
 check: test

cmd/flags/body.go

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package flags
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+
+	"golang.org/x/term"
+)
+
+// stdinPiped reports whether stdin is not a terminal, e.g. when a description
+// is piped from a file, command substitution, or a CI harness.
+func stdinPiped() bool {
+	return !term.IsTerminal(int(os.Stdin.Fd()))
+}
+
+// resolveCreateBody returns the issue/PR description for create commands.
+//
+// Precedence:
+//  1. --description-file (read from the file, or stdin when the path is "-")
+//  2. --description
+//  3. piped stdin
+func resolveCreateBody(description, descriptionFile string, descriptionFileSet, stdinPiped bool, stdin io.Reader) (string, error) {
+	if descriptionFileSet {
+		return readDescriptionSource(descriptionFile, stdin)
+	}
+	if description != "" {
+		return description, nil
+	}
+	if stdinPiped {
+		return readDescriptionStdin(stdin)
+	}
+	return "", nil
+}
+
+// resolveEditBody returns the new issue/PR body when a description flag was
+// provided, or nil when the caller should leave the body unchanged.
+func resolveEditBody(description string, descriptionSet bool, descriptionFile string, descriptionFileSet bool, stdin io.Reader) (*string, error) {
+	if descriptionFileSet {
+		body, err := readDescriptionSource(descriptionFile, stdin)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return &body, nil
+	}
+	if descriptionSet {
+		body := description
+		return &body, nil
+	}
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+func readDescriptionSource(source string, stdin io.Reader) (string, error) {
+	if source == "-" {
+		return readDescriptionStdin(stdin)
+	}
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(source)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("could not read description file %q: %w", source, err)
+	}
+	return string(data), nil
+}
+
+func readDescriptionStdin(stdin io.Reader) (string, error) {
+	data, err := io.ReadAll(stdin)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("could not read description from stdin: %w", err)
+	}
+	return string(data), nil
+}

cmd/flags/body_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package flags
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestResolveCreateBody(t *testing.T) {
+	file := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "body.md")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(file, []byte("from file"), 0o600))
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name               string
+		description        string
+		descriptionFile    string
+		descriptionFileSet bool
+		stdinPiped         bool
+		stdin              string
+		want               string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "description flag",
+			description: "from -d",
+			want:        "from -d",
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "description file",
+			descriptionFile:    file,
+			descriptionFileSet: true,
+			want:               "from file",
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "description file wins over description",
+			description:        "from -d",
+			descriptionFile:    file,
+			descriptionFileSet: true,
+			want:               "from file",
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "dash reads stdin",
+			descriptionFile:    "-",
+			descriptionFileSet: true,
+			stdin:              "from stdin",
+			want:               "from stdin",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "description wins over piped stdin",
+			description: "from -d",
+			stdinPiped:  true,
+			stdin:       "from stdin",
+			want:        "from -d",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "piped stdin",
+			stdinPiped: true,
+			stdin:      "from stdin",
+			want:       "from stdin",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "empty description falls back to piped stdin",
+			description: "",
+			stdinPiped:  true,
+			stdin:       "from stdin",
+			want:        "from stdin",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "empty when no source provided",
+			want: "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := resolveCreateBody(tt.description, tt.descriptionFile, tt.descriptionFileSet, tt.stdinPiped, strings.NewReader(tt.stdin))
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, got)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveEditBody(t *testing.T) {
+	file := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "body.md")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(file, []byte("from file"), 0o600))
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name               string
+		description        string
+		descriptionSet     bool
+		descriptionFile    string
+		descriptionFileSet bool
+		stdin              string
+		wantBody           string
+		wantSet            bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "no description flag",
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "description flag",
+			description:    "from -d",
+			descriptionSet: true,
+			wantBody:       "from -d",
+			wantSet:        true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "empty description clears body",
+			descriptionSet: true,
+			wantSet:        true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "description file",
+			descriptionFile:    file,
+			descriptionFileSet: true,
+			wantBody:           "from file",
+			wantSet:            true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "description file wins over description",
+			description:        "from -d",
+			descriptionSet:     true,
+			descriptionFile:    file,
+			descriptionFileSet: true,
+			wantBody:           "from file",
+			wantSet:            true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "dash reads stdin",
+			descriptionFile:    "-",
+			descriptionFileSet: true,
+			stdin:              "from stdin",
+			wantBody:           "from stdin",
+			wantSet:            true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := resolveEditBody(tt.description, tt.descriptionSet, tt.descriptionFile, tt.descriptionFileSet, strings.NewReader(tt.stdin))
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			if !tt.wantSet {
+				assert.Nil(t, got)
+				return
+			}
+			require.NotNil(t, got)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantBody, *got)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveDescriptionSourceError(t *testing.T) {
+	_, err := resolveCreateBody("", filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "missing.md"), true, false, strings.NewReader(""))
+	require.ErrorContains(t, err, "could not read description file")
+}

cmd/flags/issue_pr.go

@@ -100,6 +100,10 @@ var issuePRFlags = append([]cli.Flag{
 		Name:    "description",
 		Aliases: []string{"d"},
 	},
+	&cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:  "description-file",
+		Usage: "Read description from file ('-' for stdin)",
+	},
 	&cli.StringFlag{
 		Name:    "referenced-version",
 		Aliases: []string{"v"},
@@ -133,12 +137,22 @@ var IssuePRCreateFlags = append([]cli.Flag{
 
 // GetIssuePRCreateFlags parses all IssuePREditFlags
 func GetIssuePRCreateFlags(requestCtx stdctx.Context, ctx *context.TeaContext) (*gitea.CreateIssueOption, error) {
+	body, err := resolveCreateBody(
+		ctx.String("description"),
+		ctx.String("description-file"),
+		ctx.IsSet("description-file"),
+		stdinPiped(),
+		ctx.Reader,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
 	opts := gitea.CreateIssueOption{
 		Title:     ctx.String("title"),
-		Body:      ctx.String("description"),
+		Body:      body,
 		Assignees: strings.Split(ctx.String("assignees"), ","),
 	}
-	var err error
 
 	date := ctx.String("deadline")
 	if date != "" {
@@ -208,9 +222,18 @@ func GetIssuePREditFlags(ctx *context.TeaContext) (*task.EditIssueOption, error)
 		val := ctx.String("title")
 		opts.Title = &val
 	}
-	if ctx.IsSet("description") {
-		val := ctx.String("description")
-		opts.Body = &val
+	body, err := resolveEditBody(
+		ctx.String("description"),
+		ctx.IsSet("description"),
+		ctx.String("description-file"),
+		ctx.IsSet("description-file"),
+		ctx.Reader,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if body != nil {
+		opts.Body = body
 	}
 	if ctx.IsSet("referenced-version") {
 		val := ctx.String("referenced-version")

cmd/issues/create.go

@@ -5,13 +5,18 @@ package issues
 
 import (
 	stdctx "context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+
+	gitea "gitea.dev/sdk"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 
 	"gitea.dev/tea/cmd/flags"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/context"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/interact"
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/print"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/task"
-
-	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
 
 // CmdIssuesCreate represents a sub command of issues to create issue
@@ -47,9 +52,44 @@ func runIssuesCreate(requestCtx stdctx.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	return task.CreateIssue(requestCtx, ctx.Login,
+	issue, err := task.CreateIssue(requestCtx, ctx.Login,
 		ctx.Owner,
 		ctx.Repo,
 		*opts,
 	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if ctx.IsSet("output") {
+		switch ctx.String("output") {
+		case "json":
+			return writeCreatedIssueAsJSON(ctx.Writer, issue)
+		}
+	}
+
+	print.IssueDetails(issue, nil)
+
+	fmt.Println(issue.HTMLURL)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// createdIssueJSON is the machine-readable representation of a freshly
+// created issue, mirroring the create-PR equivalent in cmd/pulls/create.go
+// (createdPullJSON).
+type createdIssueJSON struct {
+	Index int64           `json:"index"`
+	Title string          `json:"title"`
+	URL   string          `json:"url"`
+	State gitea.StateType `json:"state"`
+}
+
+func writeCreatedIssueAsJSON(w io.Writer, issue *gitea.Issue) error {
+	return json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(createdIssueJSON{
+		Index: issue.Index,
+		Title: issue.Title,
+		URL:   issue.HTMLURL,
+		State: issue.State,
+	})
 }

cmd/issues/create_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package issues
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+
+	gitea "gitea.dev/sdk"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestWriteCreatedIssueAsJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	issue := &gitea.Issue{
+		Index:   42,
+		Title:   "test title",
+		HTMLURL: "https://gitea.example.com/owner/repo/issues/42",
+		State:   gitea.StateOpen,
+	}
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	require.NoError(t, writeCreatedIssueAsJSON(&buf, issue))
+
+	var got map[string]any
+	require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &got))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, float64(42), got["index"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "test title", got["title"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://gitea.example.com/owner/repo/issues/42", got["url"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "open", got["state"])
+
+	// exactly the lean field set, nothing extra
+	assert.Len(t, got, 4)
+
+	// machine-readable output must not contain terminal escape sequences
+	assert.NotContains(t, buf.String(), "\x1b")
+}

cmd/login.go

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ var CmdLogin = cli.Command{
 		&login.CmdLoginSetDefault,
 		&login.CmdLoginHelper,
 		&login.CmdLoginOAuthRefresh,
+		&login.CmdLoginStatus,
 	},
 }
 

cmd/login/status.go

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package login
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"gitea.dev/tea/cmd/flags"
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/config"
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/print"
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/task"
+
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
+)
+
+// CmdLoginStatus represents a command to show authentication status for logins.
+var CmdLoginStatus = cli.Command{
+	Name:        "status",
+	Usage:       "Show authentication status for Gitea logins",
+	Description: `Verify the stored token for one or all Gitea logins and report its validity.`,
+	ArgsUsage:   "[<login name>]",
+	Action:      RunLoginStatus,
+	Flags:       []cli.Flag{&flags.OutputFlag},
+}
+
+// RunLoginStatus verifies one login, or every configured login when no name is
+// provided, and prints a short authentication report.
+func RunLoginStatus(requestCtx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
+	var logins []config.Login
+
+	switch cmd.Args().Len() {
+	case 0:
+		var err error
+		logins, err = config.GetLogins()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	case 1:
+		login, err := config.GetLoginByName(cmd.Args().First())
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if login == nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("login '%s' not found", cmd.Args().First())
+		}
+		logins = []config.Login{*login}
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("too many arguments")
+	}
+
+	statuses := make([]print.LoginStatus, 0, len(logins))
+	for i := range logins {
+		statuses = append(statuses, task.CheckLoginStatus(requestCtx, &logins[i]))
+	}
+
+	return print.LoginStatuses(statuses, cmd.String("output"))
+}

cmd/pulls/create.go

@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ package pulls
 
 import (
 	stdctx "context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
 
 	gitea "gitea.dev/sdk"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
@@ -12,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"gitea.dev/tea/cmd/flags"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/context"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/interact"
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/print"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/task"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/utils"
 )
@@ -80,6 +84,12 @@ func runPullsCreate(requestCtx stdctx.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	// agit flow creates the PR via git push and returns no PR object, so
+	// --output cannot be honored there; fail fast before any API calls
+	if ctx.Bool("agit") && ctx.IsSet("output") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--output cannot be combined with --agit: the PR is created via git push, so no pull request object is available to print")
+	}
+
 	// else use args to create PR
 	opts, err := flags.GetIssuePRCreateFlags(requestCtx, ctx)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -108,7 +118,7 @@ func runPullsCreate(requestCtx stdctx.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
 		allowMaintainerEdits = gitea.OptionalBool(ctx.Bool("allow-maintainer-edits"))
 	}
 
-	return task.CreatePull(
+	pr, err := task.CreatePull(
 		requestCtx,
 		ctx,
 		ctx.String("base"),
@@ -116,4 +126,41 @@ func runPullsCreate(requestCtx stdctx.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
 		allowMaintainerEdits,
 		opts,
 	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if ctx.IsSet("output") {
+		switch ctx.String("output") {
+		case "json":
+			return writeCreatedPullAsJSON(ctx.Writer, pr)
+		}
+	}
+
+	print.PullDetails(pr, nil, nil)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// createdPullJSON is the machine-readable representation of a freshly
+// created pull request. A new PR has no reviews, comments or CI yet, so
+// this is intentionally leaner than the detail view's pullData (cmd/pulls.go).
+type createdPullJSON struct {
+	Index int64           `json:"index"`
+	Title string          `json:"title"`
+	URL   string          `json:"url"`
+	State gitea.StateType `json:"state"`
+	Base  string          `json:"base"`
+	Head  string          `json:"head"`
+}
+
+func writeCreatedPullAsJSON(w io.Writer, pr *gitea.PullRequest) error {
+	return json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(createdPullJSON{
+		Index: pr.Index,
+		Title: pr.Title,
+		URL:   pr.HTMLURL,
+		State: pr.State,
+		Base:  pr.Base.Ref,
+		Head:  pr.Head.Ref,
+	})
 }

cmd/pulls/create_app_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package pulls_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.dev/tea/cmd"
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/config"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+// TestPullsCreateAgitOutputRejected verifies that --output (parsed via the
+// urfave/cli v3 ancestor-flag cascade, since create itself does not declare
+// it) is rejected for the agit flow before any API call or git push happens.
+func TestPullsCreateAgitOutputRejected(t *testing.T) {
+	config.SetConfigForTesting(config.LocalConfig{
+		Logins: []config.Login{{
+			Name:    "testLogin",
+			URL:     "https://gitea.example.com",
+			Token:   "test-token",
+			User:    "testUser",
+			Default: true,
+		}},
+	})
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		config.SetConfigForTesting(config.LocalConfig{})
+	})
+
+	app := cmd.App()
+	args := []string{
+		"tea", "pulls", "create",
+		"--agit",
+		"--output", "json",
+		"--head", "topic-branch",
+		"--title", "test",
+		"--login", "testLogin",
+		"--repo", "user/repo",
+	}
+
+	err := app.Run(context.Background(), args)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "--output cannot be combined with --agit")
+}

cmd/pulls/create_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package pulls
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+
+	gitea "gitea.dev/sdk"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestWriteCreatedPullAsJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	pr := &gitea.PullRequest{
+		Index:   33,
+		Title:   "test title",
+		HTMLURL: "https://gitea.example.com/owner/repo/pulls/33",
+		State:   gitea.StateOpen,
+		Base:    &gitea.PRBranchInfo{Ref: "main"},
+		Head:    &gitea.PRBranchInfo{Ref: "feature"},
+	}
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	require.NoError(t, writeCreatedPullAsJSON(&buf, pr))
+
+	var got map[string]any
+	require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &got))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, float64(33), got["index"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "test title", got["title"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://gitea.example.com/owner/repo/pulls/33", got["url"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "open", got["state"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "main", got["base"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "feature", got["head"])
+
+	// exactly the lean field set, nothing extra
+	assert.Len(t, got, 6)
+
+	// machine-readable output must not contain terminal escape sequences
+	assert.NotContains(t, buf.String(), "\x1b")
+}

docs/CLI.md

@@ -109,6 +109,12 @@ Return the stored token for a URL (git credential protocol)
 
 Refresh an OAuth token
 
+### status
+
+Show authentication status for Gitea logins
+
+**--output, -o**="": Output format. (simple, table, csv, tsv, yaml, json)
+
 ## logout
 
 Log out from a Gitea server
@@ -221,6 +227,8 @@ Create an issue on repository
 
 **--description, -d**="": 
 
+**--description-file**="": Read description from file ('-' for stdin)
+
 **--labels, -L**="": Comma-separated list of labels to assign
 
 **--login, -l**="": Use a different Gitea Login. Optional
@@ -247,6 +255,8 @@ Edit one or more issues
 
 **--description, -d**="": 
 
+**--description-file**="": Read description from file ('-' for stdin)
+
 **--login, -l**="": Use a different Gitea Login. Optional
 
 **--milestone, -m**="": Milestone to assign
@@ -379,6 +389,8 @@ Create a pull-request
 
 **--description, -d**="": 
 
+**--description-file**="": Read description from file ('-' for stdin)
+
 **--draft**: Create as a draft (prepends "WIP: " to the title; Gitea treats WIP-prefixed PRs as drafts)
 
 **--head**="": Branch name of the PR source (default is current one). To specify a different head repo, use <user>:<branch>
@@ -437,6 +449,8 @@ Edit one or more pull requests
 
 **--description, -d**="": 
 
+**--description-file**="": Read description from file ('-' for stdin)
+
 **--draft**: Mark as draft by prepending "WIP: " to the title (idempotent)
 
 **--login, -l**="": Use a different Gitea Login. Optional

go.mod

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 module gitea.dev/tea
 
-go 1.26
+go 1.26.0
+
+toolchain go1.26.6
 
 require (
 	charm.land/glamour/v2 v2.0.1
@@ -12,14 +14,14 @@ require (
 	github.com/adrg/xdg v0.5.3
 	github.com/araddon/dateparse v0.0.0-20210429162001-6b43995a97de
 	github.com/enescakir/emoji v1.0.0
-	github.com/go-authgate/sdk-go v0.14.0
+	github.com/go-signet/sdk-go v1.1.0
 	github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0
 	github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v1.1.4
 	github.com/skratchdot/open-golang v0.0.0-20200116055534-eef842397966
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
 	github.com/urfave/cli-docs/v3 v3.1.0
 	github.com/urfave/cli/v3 v3.10.1
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.54.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.56.0
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.36.0
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.47.0
 	golang.org/x/term v0.45.0
@@ -76,10 +78,10 @@ require (
 	github.com/yuin/goldmark-emoji v1.0.6 // indirect
 	github.com/zalando/go-keyring v0.2.8 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20260410095643-746e56fc9e2f // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.56.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.57.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.22.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.40.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/tools v0.47.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.41.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/tools v0.48.0 // indirect
 )
 
 retract v1.3.3 // accidental release, tag deleted

go.sum

@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ github.com/enescakir/emoji v1.0.0 h1:W+HsNql8swfCQFtioDGDHCHri8nudlK1n5p2rHCJoog
 github.com/enescakir/emoji v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Bt1EKuLnKDTYpLALApstIkAjdDrS/8IAgTkKp+WKFD0=
 github.com/fatih/color v1.19.0 h1:Zp3PiM21/9Ld6FzSKyL5c/BULoe/ONr9KlbYVOfG8+w=
 github.com/fatih/color v1.19.0/go.mod h1:zNk67I0ZUT1bEGsSGyCZYZNrHuTkJJB+r6Q9VuMi0LE=
-github.com/go-authgate/sdk-go v0.14.0 h1:s1i/UCX2Edf3A1pKDW6oXv+oACQfTroxiGY52eqKx+4=
-github.com/go-authgate/sdk-go v0.14.0/go.mod h1:sa0ige5wtayj2WcnXlxa8wGuyi5z/c/chc0mXPJTl/Q=
+github.com/go-signet/sdk-go v1.1.0 h1:wHKg9P+goQ14A1Q0gtC6m3mCzRFWwL1peAGz/zhmAZQ=
+github.com/go-signet/sdk-go v1.1.0/go.mod h1:bmi7nDAu7o6MQnUE3K7ZNEKU4xqh3u/SMbPC5GanOR8=
 github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.6 h1:p8HrPJzOakx/mn/bQtjgNjdTcN+/S6FcG2CTtQOrHVU=
 github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.6/go.mod h1:oq7eo15ShAhp70Anwd5lgX2pLfOS3QCiwU/PULtXL6M=
 github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.2.2 h1:TUR3TgtSVDmjiXOgAAyaZbYmIeP3DPkld3jgKGV8mXQ=
@@ -162,19 +162,19 @@ github.com/zalando/go-keyring v0.2.8/go.mod h1:tsMo+VpRq5NGyKfxoBVjCuMrG47yj8cma
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACkg1iLfiJU5Ep61QUkGW8qpdssI0+w=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20191011191535-87dc89f01550/go.mod h1:yigFU9vqHzYiE8UmvKecakEJjdnWj3jj499lnFckfCI=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210513164829-c07d793c2f9a/go.mod h1:P+XmwS30IXTQdn5tA2iutPOUgjI07+tq3H3K9MVA1s8=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.54.0 h1:YLIA59K4fiNzHzjnZt2tUJQjQtUWfWbeHBqKtk3eScw=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.54.0/go.mod h1:KWL8ny2AZdGR2cWmzeHrp2azQPGogOv+HeQaVEXC2dk=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.56.0 h1:GUh5Ii4J5jtcseSMiRqr1jXCNHoxjeV9Fmekc2oLy6Y=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.56.0/go.mod h1:OMW5y6CY9l38uPLmxU6l6pwcXp1obtLo3e6gT7gQR2I=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20260410095643-746e56fc9e2f h1:W3F4c+6OLc6H2lb//N1q4WpJkhzJCK5J6kUi1NTVXfM=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20260410095643-746e56fc9e2f/go.mod h1:J1xhfL/vlindoeF/aINzNzt2Bket5bjo9sdOYzOsU80=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.2.0/go.mod h1:s0Qsj1ACt9ePp/hMypM3fl4fZqREWJwdYDEqhRiZZUA=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.37.0 h1:vF1DjpVEshcIqoEaauuHebaLk1O1forxjxBaVn884JQ=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.37.0/go.mod h1:m8S8VeM9r4dzDwjrKO0a1sZP3YjeMamRRlD+fmR2Q/0=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.38.0 h1:MECBjubtXD7yj4HrhIUcywNaGeNVUdfVnxmPajOk4yk=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.38.0/go.mod h1:V6Xz0pq8TQ3dGqVQ1FVHuelZpAL0uNhSkk9ogYP3c40=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190404232315-eb5bcb51f2a3/go.mod h1:t9HGtf8HONx5eT2rtn7q6eTqICYqUVnKs3thJo3Qplg=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190620200207-3b0461eec859/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLLGU+0bjPO0LkuOLi4/5GtJWs/s=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200226121028-0de0cce0169b/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLLGU+0bjPO0LkuOLi4/5GtJWs/s=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210226172049-e18ecbb05110/go.mod h1:m0MpNAwzfU5UDzcl9v0D8zg8gWTRqZa9RBIspLL5mdg=
-golang.org/x/net v0.56.0 h1:Rw8j/hFzGvJUZwNBXnAtf5sVDVt+65SK2C7IxCxZt5o=
-golang.org/x/net v0.56.0/go.mod h1:D3Ku6r+V6JROoZK144D2XfMHFcMq/0zSfLelVTCFKec=
+golang.org/x/net v0.57.0 h1:K5+3DljvIuDG9/Jv9rvyMywYNFCQ9RSUY6OOTTkT+tE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.57.0/go.mod h1:KpXc8iv+r3XplLAG/f7Jsf9RPszJzdR0f58q9vGOuEU=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.36.0 h1:peZ/1z27fi9hUOFCAZaHyrpWG5lwe0RJEEEeH0ThlIs=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.36.0/go.mod h1:YDBUJMTkDnJS+A4BP4eZBjCqtokkg1hODuPjwiGPO7Q=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20190423024810-112230192c58/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
@@ -191,13 +191,13 @@ golang.org/x/term v0.45.0 h1:NwWyBmoJCbfTHpxrWoZ9C6/VxOf7ic219I8xZZFdrf0=
 golang.org/x/term v0.45.0/go.mod h1:9aqxs0blBcrm/n0L9QW0aRVD+ktan8ssZromtqJC43w=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.40.0 h1:Ub2Z6/xjgF1WrYQz2nuITOEegKFtiIy+rieRJ5lHZKs=
-golang.org/x/text v0.40.0/go.mod h1:hpnzDAfGV753zIKo+wk3u1bVKCGPbrnF7+7LBF/UHVY=
+golang.org/x/text v0.41.0 h1:vz/seA0lnX87Othu2f/0L24RcgrXD9/YFTSuGjj3rH8=
+golang.org/x/text v0.41.0/go.mod h1:jvf1O8ajNzZqhSrQBPbutR/EB83Cc0CFrezNQIwbb5M=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20191119224855-298f0cb1881e/go.mod h1:b+2E5dAYhXwXZwtnZ6UAqBI28+e2cm9otk0dWdXHAEo=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20200325010219-a49f79bcc224/go.mod h1:Sl4aGygMT6LrqrWclx+PTx3U+LnKx/seiNR+3G19Ar8=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.47.0 h1:7Kn5x/d1svx/PzryTsqeoZN4TZwqeH5pGWjefhLi/1Q=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.47.0/go.mod h1:dFHnyTvFWY212G+h7ZY4Vsp/K3U4/7W9TyVaAul8uCA=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.48.0 h1:3+hClM1aLL5mjMKm5ovokw9epgRXPuu2tILgismM6RE=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.48.0/go.mod h1:08xX0orndb/F7jJxGDicx061tyd5pcMto75YMAXr6lk=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20190717185122-a985d3407aa7/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=

modules/auth/oauth.go

@@ -366,7 +366,9 @@ func startLocalServerAndOpenBrowser(authURL, expectedState string, opts *OAuthOp
 var openBrowser = func(url string) error {
 	fmt.Printf("Please authorize the application by visiting this URL in your browser:\n%s\n", url)
 
-	return open.Run(url)
+	// Don't wait for the opener to exit, so a browser that holds the
+	// foreground can't block the wait for the callback.
+	return open.Start(url)
 }
 
 // createLoginFromToken creates a login entry using the obtained access token

modules/auth/oauth_test.go

@@ -6,11 +6,16 @@ package auth
 import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
 	"sync"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
@@ -89,3 +94,36 @@ func TestPerformBrowserOAuthFlow_RedirectURIMatchesAcrossAuthorizeAndExchange(t
 	assert.Equal(t, authorizeRedirectURI, exchangeRedirectURI,
 		"redirect_uri must match between authorize and token exchange (RFC 6749 §4.1.3)")
 }
+
+// Regression test for the browser opener hang: xdg-open does not exit until
+// the browser it launched does, and the callback is only consumed after
+// openBrowser returns. Waiting on the opener hangs the CLI even though the
+// user authenticated successfully.
+func TestOpenBrowser_DoesNotWaitForOpener(t *testing.T) {
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" || runtime.GOOS == "darwin" {
+		t.Skip("xdg-open is not the opener on this platform")
+	}
+
+	const (
+		fakeOpenerSleepTime = 10 * time.Second
+		openBrowserTimeout  = 2 * time.Second
+	)
+
+	// A stand-in xdg-open that holds the foreground the way a browser it had
+	// to launch would.
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	opener := filepath.Join(dir, "xdg-open")
+	script := fmt.Sprintf("#!/bin/sh\nexec sleep %d\n", int(fakeOpenerSleepTime.Seconds()))
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(opener, []byte(script), 0o755))
+	t.Setenv("PATH", dir+string(os.PathListSeparator)+os.Getenv("PATH"))
+
+	done := make(chan error, 1)
+	go func() { done <- openBrowser("http://127.0.0.1:1/") }()
+
+	select {
+	case err := <-done:
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	case <-time.After(openBrowserTimeout):
+		t.Fatal("openBrowser blocked on the opener; the callback would never be consumed")
+	}
+}

modules/config/credstore.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/adrg/xdg"
-	"github.com/go-authgate/sdk-go/credstore"
+	"github.com/go-signet/sdk-go/credstore"
 	"golang.org/x/oauth2"
 )
 

modules/config/login.go

@@ -446,6 +446,14 @@ func (l *Login) Client(options ...gitea.ClientOption) *gitea.Client {
 		os.Exit(1)
 	}
 
+	return l.ClientWithoutRefresh(options...)
+}
+
+// ClientWithoutRefresh returns a client to operate the Gitea API without
+// attempting an automatic OAuth token refresh. Commands that need to handle
+// token refresh errors themselves (such as 'tea login status') should use this
+// instead of Client, which prints to stderr and exits on refresh failure.
+func (l *Login) ClientWithoutRefresh(options ...gitea.ClientOption) *gitea.Client {
 	// Configure transport-level timeouts so a stalled or unresponsive server
 	// fails fast instead of hanging forever. These bound connection setup and
 	// time-to-first-response-byte only, so slow-but-progressing transfers (e.g.

modules/interact/issue_create.go

@@ -5,11 +5,13 @@ package interact
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 
 	gitea "gitea.dev/sdk"
 
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/config"
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/print"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/task"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/theme"
 
@@ -34,7 +36,16 @@ func CreateIssue(ctx context.Context, login *config.Login, owner, repo string) e
 		return err
 	}
 
-	return task.CreateIssue(ctx, login, owner, repo, opts)
+	issue, err := task.CreateIssue(ctx, login, owner, repo, opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	print.IssueDetails(issue, nil)
+
+	fmt.Println(issue.HTMLURL)
+
+	return nil
 }
 
 func promptIssueProperties(ctx context.Context, login *config.Login, owner, repo string, o *gitea.CreateIssueOption) error {

modules/interact/login.go

@@ -200,25 +200,9 @@ func CreateLogin(ctx context.Context) error {
 			}
 			printTitleAndContent("Selected ssh-key:", sshKey)
 
-			// ssh certificate
-			if strings.Contains(sshKey, "principals") {
-				sshCertPrincipal = regexp.MustCompile(`.*?principals: (.*?)[,|\s]`).FindStringSubmatch(sshKey)[1]
-				if strings.Contains(sshKey, "(ssh-agent)") {
-					sshAgent = true
-					sshKey = ""
-				} else {
-					sshKey = regexp.MustCompile(`\((.*?)\)$`).FindStringSubmatch(sshKey)[1]
-					sshKey = strings.TrimSuffix(sshKey, "-cert.pub")
-				}
-			} else {
-				sshKeyFingerprint = regexp.MustCompile(`(SHA256:.*?)\s`).FindStringSubmatch(sshKey)[1]
-				if strings.Contains(sshKey, "(ssh-agent)") {
-					sshAgent = true
-					sshKey = ""
-				} else {
-					sshKey = regexp.MustCompile(`\((.*?)\)$`).FindStringSubmatch(sshKey)[1]
-					sshKey = strings.TrimSuffix(sshKey, ".pub")
-				}
+			sshKey, sshCertPrincipal, sshKeyFingerprint, sshAgent, err = parseSSHPubkeySelection(sshKey)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -274,6 +258,40 @@ func CreateLogin(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return task.CreateLogin(ctx, name, token, user, passwd, otp, scopes, sshKey, giteaURL, sshCertPrincipal, sshKeyFingerprint, insecure, sshAgent, versionCheck, helper)
 }
 
+func parseSSHPubkeySelection(display string) (sshKey, sshCertPrincipal, sshKeyFingerprint string, sshAgent bool, err error) {
+	if strings.Contains(display, "principals") {
+		if sshCertPrincipal, err = regexpSubmatch(regexp.MustCompile(`.*?principals: (.*?)[,|\s]`), display); err != nil {
+			return "", "", "", false, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse SSH certificate principal from %q: %w", display, err)
+		}
+		if strings.HasSuffix(display, "(ssh-agent)") {
+			return "", sshCertPrincipal, "", true, nil
+		}
+		if sshKey, err = regexpSubmatch(regexp.MustCompile(`\((.*?)\)$`), display); err != nil {
+			return "", "", "", false, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse SSH certificate path from %q: %w", display, err)
+		}
+		return strings.TrimSuffix(sshKey, "-cert.pub"), sshCertPrincipal, "", false, nil
+	}
+
+	if sshKeyFingerprint, err = regexpSubmatch(regexp.MustCompile(`(SHA256:.*?)\s`), display); err != nil {
+		return "", "", "", false, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse SSH key fingerprint from %q: %w", display, err)
+	}
+	if strings.HasSuffix(display, "(ssh-agent)") {
+		return "", "", sshKeyFingerprint, true, nil
+	}
+	if sshKey, err = regexpSubmatch(regexp.MustCompile(`\((.*?)\)$`), display); err != nil {
+		return "", "", "", false, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse SSH key path from %q: %w", display, err)
+	}
+	return strings.TrimSuffix(sshKey, ".pub"), "", sshKeyFingerprint, false, nil
+}
+
+func regexpSubmatch(re *regexp.Regexp, s string) (string, error) {
+	match := re.FindStringSubmatch(s)
+	if len(match) < 2 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("no match")
+	}
+	return match[1], nil
+}
+
 var tokenScopeOpts = []string{
 	string(gitea.AccessTokenScopeAll),
 	string(gitea.AccessTokenScopeRepo),

modules/interact/login_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package interact
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestParseSSHPubkeySelection(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name               string
+		display            string
+		wantSSHKey         string
+		wantCertPrincipal  string
+		wantKeyFingerprint string
+		wantSSHAgent       bool
+		wantErr            bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:               "local ed25519 key",
+			display:            "SHA256:abc ssh-ed25519 comment (/home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub)",
+			wantSSHKey:         "/home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519",
+			wantKeyFingerprint: "SHA256:abc",
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "agent ed25519 key",
+			display:            "SHA256:abc ssh-ed25519 comment (ssh-agent)",
+			wantKeyFingerprint: "SHA256:abc",
+			wantSSHAgent:       true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "local certificate",
+			display:           "SHA256:abc ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com comment - principals: user1,user2 (/home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert.pub)",
+			wantSSHKey:        "/home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519",
+			wantCertPrincipal: "user1",
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "agent certificate",
+			display:           "SHA256:abc ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com comment - principals: user1 (ssh-agent)",
+			wantCertPrincipal: "user1",
+			wantSSHAgent:      true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "unexpected display",
+			display: "ssh-ed25519 comment",
+			wantErr: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			sshKey, certPrincipal, keyFingerprint, sshAgent, err := parseSSHPubkeySelection(tt.display)
+			if tt.wantErr {
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				return
+			}
+
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantSSHKey, sshKey)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantCertPrincipal, certPrincipal)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantKeyFingerprint, keyFingerprint)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantSSHAgent, sshAgent)
+		})
+	}
+}

modules/interact/pull_create.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 
 	gitea "gitea.dev/sdk"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/context"
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/print"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/task"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/theme"
 
@@ -134,11 +135,18 @@ func CreatePull(requestCtx stdctx.Context, ctx *context.TeaContext) (err error)
 		return err
 	}
 
-	return task.CreatePull(
+	pr, err := task.CreatePull(
 		requestCtx,
 		ctx,
 		base,
 		head,
 		&allowMaintainerEdits,
 		&opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	print.PullDetails(pr, nil, nil)
+
+	return nil
 }

modules/print/login_status.go

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package print
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// LoginStatus contains the authentication status of a single configured login.
+type LoginStatus struct {
+	Name        string
+	URL         string
+	User        string
+	Valid       bool
+	AuthMethod  string
+	TokenExpiry time.Time
+	Helper      bool
+	Default     bool
+	Error       string
+}
+
+// LoginStatusFields are the available fields to print with LoginStatuses.
+var LoginStatusFields = []string{
+	"name",
+	"url",
+	"user",
+	"valid",
+	"auth_method",
+	"token_expiry",
+	"helper",
+	"default",
+}
+
+// LoginStatuses prints authentication status for one or more logins.
+func LoginStatuses(statuses []LoginStatus, output string) error {
+	if output != "" {
+		printables := make([]printable, len(statuses))
+		for i := range statuses {
+			printables[i] = statuses[i]
+		}
+		t := tableFromItems(LoginStatusFields, printables, isMachineReadable(output))
+		return t.print(output)
+	}
+
+	if len(statuses) == 0 {
+		fmt.Println("No logins configured.")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	for i, status := range statuses {
+		if i > 0 {
+			fmt.Println()
+		}
+		printLoginStatusReport(status)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func printLoginStatusReport(status LoginStatus) {
+	name := status.Name
+	if status.Default {
+		name += " (default)"
+	}
+	fmt.Println(name)
+
+	if status.Valid {
+		line := "  ✔ Logged in to " + status.URL
+		if status.User != "" {
+			line += " as " + status.User
+		}
+		fmt.Println(line)
+
+		tokenLine := "  ✔ Token is valid"
+		if status.AuthMethod != "" {
+			tokenLine += " (" + status.AuthMethod
+			if !status.TokenExpiry.IsZero() {
+				tokenLine += ", " + formatTokenExpiry(status.TokenExpiry)
+			}
+			tokenLine += ")"
+		}
+		fmt.Println(tokenLine)
+	} else {
+		message := status.Error
+		if message == "" {
+			message = "Login failed"
+		}
+		fmt.Println("  ✗ " + message)
+	}
+
+	if status.Helper {
+		fmt.Println("  ✔ Git credential helper configured")
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println("  ✗ Git credential helper not configured")
+	}
+}
+
+func formatExpiryDuration(t time.Time) string {
+	d := time.Until(t)
+	if d < 0 {
+		return "expired"
+	}
+	if d < time.Minute {
+		return "in less than a minute"
+	}
+	return "in " + strings.TrimSuffix(d.Truncate(time.Minute).String(), "0s")
+}
+
+func formatTokenExpiry(t time.Time) string {
+	if t.Before(time.Now()) {
+		return "expired"
+	}
+	return "expires " + formatExpiryDuration(t)
+}
+
+// FormatField implements the printable interface for LoginStatus.
+func (s LoginStatus) FormatField(field string, machineReadable bool) string {
+	switch field {
+	case "name":
+		return s.Name
+	case "url":
+		return s.URL
+	case "user":
+		return s.User
+	case "valid":
+		return formatBoolean(s.Valid, !machineReadable)
+	case "auth_method":
+		return s.AuthMethod
+	case "token_expiry":
+		if s.TokenExpiry.IsZero() {
+			return ""
+		}
+		if machineReadable {
+			return FormatTime(s.TokenExpiry, true)
+		}
+		return formatExpiryDuration(s.TokenExpiry)
+	case "helper":
+		return formatBoolean(s.Helper, !machineReadable)
+	case "default":
+		return formatBoolean(s.Default, !machineReadable)
+	}
+	return ""
+}

modules/print/login_status_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package print
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestLoginStatusFormatField(t *testing.T) {
+	status := LoginStatus{
+		Name:        "gitea",
+		URL:         "https://gitea.com",
+		User:        "alice",
+		Valid:       true,
+		AuthMethod:  "oauth",
+		TokenExpiry: time.Date(2026, 8, 27, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC),
+		Helper:      true,
+		Default:     true,
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(t, "gitea", status.FormatField("name", false))
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://gitea.com", status.FormatField("url", false))
+	assert.Equal(t, "alice", status.FormatField("user", false))
+	assert.Equal(t, "true", status.FormatField("valid", true))
+	assert.Equal(t, "✔", status.FormatField("valid", false))
+	assert.Equal(t, "oauth", status.FormatField("auth_method", true))
+	assert.Equal(t, "2026-08-27T12:00:00Z", status.FormatField("token_expiry", true))
+	assert.Equal(t, "true", status.FormatField("helper", true))
+	assert.Equal(t, "✔", status.FormatField("default", false))
+}
+
+func TestFormatExpiryDurationExpired(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.Equal(t, "expired", formatExpiryDuration(time.Now().Add(-time.Hour)))
+}

modules/task/issue_create.go

@@ -10,24 +10,19 @@ import (
 	gitea "gitea.dev/sdk"
 
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/config"
-	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/print"
 )
 
-// CreateIssue creates an issue in the given repo and prints the result
-func CreateIssue(requestCtx stdctx.Context, rlogin *config.Login, repoOwner, repoName string, opts gitea.CreateIssueOption) error {
+// CreateIssue creates an issue in the given repo and returns the created issue
+func CreateIssue(requestCtx stdctx.Context, rlogin *config.Login, repoOwner, repoName string, opts gitea.CreateIssueOption) (*gitea.Issue, error) {
 	// title is required
 	if len(opts.Title) == 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("title is required")
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("title is required")
 	}
 
 	issue, _, err := rlogin.Client().Issues.CreateIssue(requestCtx, repoOwner, repoName, opts)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("could not create issue: %s", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not create issue: %s", err)
 	}
 
-	print.IssueDetails(issue, nil)
-
-	fmt.Println(issue.HTMLURL)
-
-	return nil
+	return issue, nil
 }

modules/task/login_create.go

@@ -48,6 +48,29 @@ func SetupHelper(login config.Login) (ok bool, err error) {
 	return true, nil
 }
 
+// HasGitCredentialHelper reports whether tea is registered as a git credential
+// helper for the given login. It mirrors the global git config lookup used by
+// SetupHelper.
+func HasGitCredentialHelper(login config.Login) bool {
+	if login.URL == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	helperKey := fmt.Sprintf("credential.%s.helper", login.URL)
+	currentHelpers, err := exec.Command("git", "config", "--global", "--get-all", helperKey).Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(strings.ReplaceAll(string(currentHelpers), "\r", ""), "\n") {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(strings.TrimSpace(line), "login helper") {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
 // CreateLogin create a login to be stored in config
 func CreateLogin(ctx stdctx.Context, name, token, user, passwd, otp, scopes, sshKey, giteaURL, sshCertPrincipal, sshKeyFingerprint string, insecure, sshAgent, versionCheck, addHelper bool) error {
 	// checks ...

modules/task/login_status.go

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package task
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/config"
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/print"
+)
+
+// CheckLoginStatus verifies the stored token for a login against the server and
+// returns a printable status. Unlike config.Login.Client, refresh failures are
+// captured in the returned status instead of terminating the process.
+func CheckLoginStatus(ctx context.Context, login *config.Login) print.LoginStatus {
+	status := print.LoginStatus{
+		Name:        login.Name,
+		URL:         login.URL,
+		AuthMethod:  loginAuthMethod(login),
+		TokenExpiry: loginTokenExpiry(login),
+		Helper:      HasGitCredentialHelper(*login),
+		Default:     login.Default,
+	}
+
+	if login.GetAccessToken() == "" {
+		status.Error = "Login failed: no access token configured"
+		return status
+	}
+
+	if err := login.RefreshOAuthTokenIfNeeded(); err != nil {
+		status.Error = "Token refresh failed: " + strings.TrimPrefix(err.Error(), "failed to refresh token: ")
+		return status
+	}
+
+	// A successful refresh updates the token in the secure store, so re-read the
+	// expiry for the status line.
+	status.TokenExpiry = loginTokenExpiry(login)
+
+	user, _, err := login.ClientWithoutRefresh().Users.GetMyUserInfo(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		status.Error = fmt.Sprintf("Login failed: %s", err)
+		return status
+	}
+
+	status.Valid = true
+	status.User = user.UserName
+	return status
+}
+
+func loginAuthMethod(login *config.Login) string {
+	if login.IsOAuth() {
+		return config.AuthMethodOAuth
+	}
+	return "token"
+}
+
+func loginTokenExpiry(login *config.Login) time.Time {
+	expiry := login.GetTokenExpiry()
+	if expiry.Equal(time.Unix(0, 0)) {
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	return expiry
+}

modules/task/login_status_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package task
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/config"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestCheckLoginStatus(t *testing.T) {
+	// Keep helper detection isolated from the developer's real git config.
+	t.Setenv("GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL", filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), ".gitconfig"))
+
+	t.Run("valid token", func(t *testing.T) {
+		server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			assert.Equal(t, "/api/v1/user", r.URL.Path)
+			assert.Equal(t, "token secret-token", r.Header.Get("Authorization"))
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+			_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"id":1,"login":"alice"}`))
+		}))
+		defer server.Close()
+
+		status := CheckLoginStatus(context.Background(), &config.Login{
+			Name:         "test",
+			URL:          server.URL,
+			Token:        "secret-token",
+			VersionCheck: false,
+		})
+
+		assert.True(t, status.Valid)
+		assert.Empty(t, status.Error)
+		assert.Equal(t, "test", status.Name)
+		assert.Equal(t, server.URL, status.URL)
+		assert.Equal(t, "alice", status.User)
+		assert.Equal(t, "token", status.AuthMethod)
+		assert.False(t, status.Helper)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("invalid token", func(t *testing.T) {
+		server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
+			_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"message":"token is invalid"}`))
+		}))
+		defer server.Close()
+
+		status := CheckLoginStatus(context.Background(), &config.Login{
+			Name:         "test",
+			URL:          server.URL,
+			Token:        "expired-token",
+			VersionCheck: false,
+		})
+
+		assert.False(t, status.Valid)
+		assert.Contains(t, status.Error, "token is invalid")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("missing token", func(t *testing.T) {
+		status := CheckLoginStatus(context.Background(), &config.Login{
+			Name: "test",
+			URL:  "https://gitea.example.com",
+		})
+
+		assert.False(t, status.Valid)
+		assert.Contains(t, status.Error, "no access token configured")
+	})
+}

modules/task/pull_create.go

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import (
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/config"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/context"
 	local_git "gitea.dev/tea/modules/git"
-	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/print"
 	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/utils"
 )
 
@@ -24,24 +23,26 @@ var (
 	consecutive = regexp.MustCompile(`[\s]{2,}`)
 )
 
-// CreatePull creates a PR in the given repo and prints the result
-func CreatePull(requestCtx stdctx.Context, ctx *context.TeaContext, base, head string, allowMaintainerEdits *bool, opts *gitea.CreateIssueOption) (err error) {
+// CreatePull creates a PR in the given repo and returns the created PR
+func CreatePull(requestCtx stdctx.Context, ctx *context.TeaContext, base, head string, allowMaintainerEdits *bool, opts *gitea.CreateIssueOption) (*gitea.PullRequest, error) {
+	var err error
+
 	// default is default branch
 	if len(base) == 0 {
 		base, err = GetDefaultPRBase(requestCtx, ctx.Login, ctx.Owner, ctx.Repo)
 		if err != nil {
-			return err
+			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
 	// default is current one
 	if len(head) == 0 {
 		if ctx.LocalRepo == nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("no local git repo detected, please specify head branch")
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("no local git repo detected, please specify head branch")
 		}
 		headOwner, headBranch, err := GetDefaultPRHead(ctx.LocalRepo)
 		if err != nil {
-			return err
+			return nil, err
 		}
 
 		head = GetHeadSpec(headOwner, headBranch, ctx.Owner)
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ func CreatePull(requestCtx stdctx.Context, ctx *context.TeaContext, base, head s
 
 	// head & base may not be the same
 	if head == base {
-		return fmt.Errorf("can't create PR from %s to %s", head, base)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("can't create PR from %s to %s", head, base)
 	}
 
 	// default is head branch name
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ func CreatePull(requestCtx stdctx.Context, ctx *context.TeaContext, base, head s
 	}
 	// title is required
 	if len(opts.Title) == 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("title is required")
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("title is required")
 	}
 
 	client := ctx.Login.Client()
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ func CreatePull(requestCtx stdctx.Context, ctx *context.TeaContext, base, head s
 		Deadline:  opts.Deadline,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("could not create PR from %s to %s:%s: %s", head, ctx.Owner, base, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not create PR from %s to %s:%s: %s", head, ctx.Owner, base, err)
 	}
 
 	if allowMaintainerEdits != nil && pr.AllowMaintainerEdit != *allowMaintainerEdits {
@@ -82,13 +83,11 @@ func CreatePull(requestCtx stdctx.Context, ctx *context.TeaContext, base, head s
 			AllowMaintainerEdit: allowMaintainerEdits,
 		})
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("could not enable maintainer edit on pull: %v", err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not enable maintainer edit on pull: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
 
-	print.PullDetails(pr, nil, nil)
-
-	return err
+	return pr, nil
 }
 
 // GetDefaultPRBase retrieves the default base branch for the given repo

modules/task/pull_merge.go

@@ -19,8 +19,36 @@ func PullMerge(requestCtx stdctx.Context, login *config.Login, repoOwner, repoNa
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if !success {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to merge PR, is it still open?")
+	if success {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return fmt.Errorf("failed to merge PR #%d: %s", index,
+		mergeFailureReason(requestCtx, client, repoOwner, repoName, index))
+}
+
+// mergeFailureReason returns why merging was refused. The SDK reports refusal as
+// success=false and discards Gitea's explanatory body, so the reason has to be
+// re-derived from the PR. Costs one API call, on the failure path only.
+func mergeFailureReason(requestCtx stdctx.Context, client *gitea.Client, repoOwner, repoName string, index int64) string {
+	// Fallback naming the conditions tea cannot observe, used when the PR looks
+	// mergeable but the merge was refused anyway.
+	const refused = "the server refused the merge; check required status checks, requested reviews, or branch protection rules"
+
+	pr, _, err := client.PullRequests.GetPullRequest(requestCtx, repoOwner, repoName, index)
+	if err != nil || pr == nil {
+		return refused
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case pr.HasMerged:
+		return "it has already been merged"
+	case pr.State == gitea.StateClosed:
+		return "it is closed"
+	case pr.Draft:
+		return "it is a draft; mark it ready for review first"
+	case !pr.Mergeable:
+		return "it has conflicting files or is otherwise not mergeable"
+	default:
+		return refused
 	}
-	return nil
 }

modules/task/pull_merge_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package task
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	gitea "gitea.dev/sdk"
+
+	"gitea.dev/tea/modules/config"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+// mergeTestServer answers the merge POST with mergeStatus and the PR GET with
+// prJSON, or a 404 if prJSON is empty.
+func mergeTestServer(t *testing.T, prJSON string, mergeStatus int) *httptest.Server {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	return httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+		switch {
+		case r.Method == http.MethodPost && strings.HasSuffix(r.URL.Path, "/merge"):
+			w.WriteHeader(mergeStatus)
+			// Gitea explains itself here; the SDK discards it.
+			_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"message":"Please try again later"}`))
+		case r.Method == http.MethodGet:
+			if prJSON == "" {
+				w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
+				_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"message":"pull request does not exist"}`))
+				return
+			}
+			_, _ = w.Write([]byte(prJSON))
+		default:
+			t.Errorf("unexpected request: %s %s", r.Method, r.URL.Path)
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
+		}
+	}))
+}
+
+func pullJSON(state string, merged, draft, mergeable bool) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(
+		`{"number":3,"state":%q,"merged":%t,"draft":%t,"mergeable":%t,"head":{"sha":"abc123"}}`,
+		state, merged, draft, mergeable)
+}
+
+func TestPullMerge(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		pr          string
+		mergeStatus int
+		wantErr     string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "success",
+			pr:          pullJSON("open", false, false, true),
+			mergeStatus: http.StatusOK,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "created is also success",
+			pr:          pullJSON("open", false, false, true),
+			mergeStatus: http.StatusCreated,
+		},
+		{
+			// gitea/tea#1022: an open PR with conflicts was reported as
+			// possibly not open.
+			name:        "conflicting files",
+			pr:          pullJSON("open", false, false, false),
+			mergeStatus: http.StatusMethodNotAllowed,
+			wantErr:     "failed to merge PR #3: it has conflicting files or is otherwise not mergeable",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "already merged",
+			pr:          pullJSON("closed", true, false, false),
+			mergeStatus: http.StatusMethodNotAllowed,
+			wantErr:     "failed to merge PR #3: it has already been merged",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "closed",
+			pr:          pullJSON("closed", false, false, false),
+			mergeStatus: http.StatusMethodNotAllowed,
+			wantErr:     "failed to merge PR #3: it is closed",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "draft",
+			pr:          pullJSON("open", false, true, false),
+			mergeStatus: http.StatusMethodNotAllowed,
+			wantErr:     "failed to merge PR #3: it is a draft; mark it ready for review first",
+		},
+		{
+			// Open and mergeable, yet refused.
+			name:        "refused while mergeable",
+			pr:          pullJSON("open", false, false, true),
+			mergeStatus: http.StatusMethodNotAllowed,
+			wantErr:     "failed to merge PR #3: the server refused the merge; check required status checks, requested reviews, or branch protection rules",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			server := mergeTestServer(t, tt.pr, tt.mergeStatus)
+			defer server.Close()
+
+			err := PullMerge(t.Context(), &config.Login{
+				Name:         "test",
+				URL:          server.URL,
+				Token:        "secret-token",
+				VersionCheck: false,
+			}, "owner", "repo", 3, gitea.MergePullRequestOption{Style: gitea.MergeStyleMerge})
+
+			if tt.wantErr == "" {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return
+			}
+			require.Error(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantErr, err.Error())
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// A refusal must still explain itself when the follow-up PR lookup fails.
+func TestPullMergeReasonUnavailable(t *testing.T) {
+	server := mergeTestServer(t, "", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
+	defer server.Close()
+
+	err := PullMerge(t.Context(), &config.Login{
+		Name:         "test",
+		URL:          server.URL,
+		Token:        "secret-token",
+		VersionCheck: false,
+	}, "owner", "repo", 3, gitea.MergePullRequestOption{
+		Style: gitea.MergeStyleMerge,
+		// Set so the SDK skips its own pre-merge PR lookup.
+		HeadCommitId: "abc123",
+	})
+
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "failed to merge PR #3: the server refused the merge; check required status checks, requested reviews, or branch protection rules", err.Error())
+}

renovate.json5

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 {
   "$schema": "https://docs.renovatebot.com/renovate-schema.json",
   "extends": [
-    "local>gitea/renovate-config",
-    "local>gitea/renovate-config:security",
-    "local>gitea/renovate-config:go-deps"
+    "local>gitea/renovate-config"
   ]
 }

scripts/upload-r2.sh

@@ -6,13 +6,9 @@
 # Cloudflare R2 bucket, using curl's built-in AWS SigV4 signer (R2 is
 # S3-API compatible).
 #
-# This is the R2 half of the release process's parallel S3+R2 upload
-# period: goreleaser's `blobs:` pipe still uploads every release
-# artifact to AWS S3, and this script is invoked once per artifact
-# (via a goreleaser `publishers:` entry) to mirror the same artifact
-# into R2. Once the migration away from S3 is complete, the `blobs:`
-# block and the AWS_* secrets can be dropped without touching this
-# script.
+# It is invoked once per release artifact via a goreleaser
+# `publishers:` entry, and is the only artifact storage upload in the
+# release process.
 #
 # Usage:
 #   upload-r2.sh <local-file> <remote-key>
@@ -24,7 +20,7 @@
 # preflight step in CI: goreleaser custom publishers run as the very
 # last step of the publish pipeline, so without a preflight check a
 # missing R2_* secret would only be discovered after the Gitea release
-# has already been created and every artifact already uploaded to S3.
+# has already been created.
 #
 # Required environment variables:
 #   R2_ENDPOINT          Base URL of the R2 endpoint, e.g.

tests/integration/git_repo_test.go

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ func TestRepoFromPath_Worktree(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
 	cmd = exec.Command("git", "-C", mainRepoPath, "config", "user.name", "Test User")
 	assert.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
+	cmd = exec.Command("git", "-C", mainRepoPath, "config", "commit.gpgsign", "false")
+	assert.NoError(t, cmd.Run())
 
 	cmd = exec.Command("git", "-C", mainRepoPath, "remote", "add", "origin", "https://gitea.com/owner/repo.git")
 	assert.NoError(t, cmd.Run())